当地适应性,可塑性,以及在高海拔鹿鼠中对低氧寒压的进化抵抗力
Naim M Bautista1, Nathanael D Herrera2, Ellen Shadowitz3
1School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 9, 2024
概括
鹿鼠利用遗传适应和生理可塑性在高海拔地区壮成长. 这项研究表明,高地小鼠在严重的缺氧下具有卓越的有氧热生成,突出显示了它们进化的适应反应.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生理生态生态学生理生态学
- 动物适应 动物适应
背景情况:
- 广泛的物种通过表型可塑性或局部适应性居住在不同的环境中.
- 鹿鼠 (Peromyscus maniculatus) 居住在一个广泛的海拔范围,这表明它们适应不同氧气水平.
研究的目的:
- 评估局部适应和可塑性在鹿鼠适应低氧的作用.
- 为了确定高地和低地鹿小鼠在维持有氧热生成的能力方面是否有所不同,在缺氧增加的情况下.
主要方法:
- 长期缺氧适应实验,模拟高度逐步增加.
- 评估了高地和低地鹿鼠的生理性能和热能能力.
- 利用转录和生理测量来识别进化的变化.
主要成果:
- 高地鹿小鼠在严重的低氧水平 (模拟6000米) 上表现出卓越的热生成能力.
- 低地小鼠在极端的模拟高度下表现较差.
- 在高地原住民中发现了对低氧的适应反应的进化变化.
结论:
- 鹿鼠的高度范围广泛是由于局部适应和表型可塑性的结合.
- 基于基因的本地适应增强了高地种群的热生成能力.
- 塑性可能在适应跨海拔的环境变化方面发挥作用.
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