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相关概念视频

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

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Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and...
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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

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When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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路径长度选择性,干扰度分散相关性谱学.

Mitchell B Robinson1, Marco Renna1, Nikola Otic1,2

  • 1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

路径长度选择性,干扰度DCS (PaLS-iDCS) 增强了非侵入性血流监测. 这种方法可以在没有复杂设备的情况下提高信号噪声比和深层组织灵敏度,从而推进医学诊断.

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科学领域:

  • 生物医学光学 生物医学光学
  • 医疗成像医学成像
  • 光学光谱学是指光学光谱学.

背景情况:

  • 扩散相关谱学 (DCS) 使用光散射来非侵入性地测量组织血液流动.
  • 标准的DCS在信号噪声比 (SNR),深度灵敏度和深层组织测量采样率方面存在局限性.
  • 现有的增强方法,如时间域DCS (TD-DCS),可以提高性能,但可能需要专门的硬件.

研究的目的:

  • 引入和评估一种新的增强DCS方法,即路径长度选择性,干扰度DCS (PaLS-iDCS).
  • 提高对深层组织血液动力学的敏感性,并增强测量SNR.
  • 在没有昂贵的时间标记电子设备的情况下,提供特定的飞行时间 (ToF) 血流信息.

主要方法:

  • 开发了PaLS-iDCS,使用特定于路径长度的连贯增益和干扰测量检测.
  • 使用蒙特卡洛模拟,幻影实验和人类受试者测量,将PaLS-iDCS与TD-DCS进行比较.
  • 分析了血液流动和组织光学属性估计的ToF分布.

主要成果:

  • 对于类似的ToF测量,PaLS-iDCS显示SNR比TD-DCS提高了2倍以上.
  • 通过使扩展光子ToFs进行测量,对深层组织血液动力学敏感度增加了~50%.
  • PaLS-iDCS允许从ToF分布中直接估计组织光学特性.

结论:

  • 在非侵入性血流监测方面,PALS-iDCS提供了显著的进步.
  • 该方法增强了SNR和深层组织的敏感性,而不需要时间解析检测.
  • PaLS-iDCS促进了DCS技术用于血液动力学评估的更广泛的临床应用.