关于海员心血管疾病的了解:系统的范围审查和质量评估
Solveig Boeggild Dohrmann1, Regina Fromsejer Heiberg1, Line Wang Krenzen2
1Department of Public Health, Centre for Maritime Health and Society, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
American journal of industrial medicine
|July 9, 2024
概括
由于工作环境,海员面临更高的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险. 需要更多的研究来了解与这种人群中心血管疾病相关的原因和行为风险.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 海员经历心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险增加,与职业压力和行为因素有关.
- 了解这种风险对于制定海事工作者有效的预防策略至关重要.
- 进行了一项系统的文献审查,以评估海员中心血管疾病的流行率.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关海员心血管疾病 (CVD) 的现有文献.
- 阐明海事专业人员中心血管疾病风险的程度.
- 确定有关海员心血管疾病病因和风险因素的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 在五个主要数据库中进行了系统搜索.
- 如果以文章或会议论文形式发表的关于职业海员和CVD的研究,则包括在内.
- 两名独立研究人员对记录进行了选,并评估了所包含研究的方法质量.
主要成果:
- 从3,917个记录中包括了55项研究,主要是观察性研究.
- 包括专注于心血管疾病作为死亡原因的研究,包括缺血性心脏病和心肌梗塞.
- 与参考人群相比,海员患心血管疾病的频率更高,环境因素被认为是风险.
结论:
- 与对照组相比,海员患心血管疾病的风险较高.
- 证据的质量变化需要精心设计的研究来证实发现.
- 进一步的研究应该调查心血管死亡/发病的原因和海员的行为风险因素.
相关概念视频
01:23Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
311
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
311
01:29Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection
216
Inspection is the initial step in assessing the cardiovascular system. It involves a detailed visual examination that provides crucial information about a patient's circulatory and cardiac health. This systematic process, conducted from head to toe, helps identify signs of cardiovascular conditions by observing physical appearance, skin and mucous membranes, jugular and carotid pulsations, chest symmetry, and the condition of the extremities.
Head and Neck
Head and Neck
216
01:25Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation
292
Cardiac auscultation is a clinical skill used to assess heart function and detect abnormalities. It involves listening to heart sounds at specific anatomical locations through a stethoscope.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
292
01:29Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation
368
In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
368
01:18Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications
2.2K
Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However,...
2.2K
01:17Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography
312
Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
312