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全球粮食系统对陆地生物多样性的影响土地利用和气候变化对陆地生物多样性的影响

Elizabeth H Boakes^1,2, Carole Dalin^3,4, Adrienne Etard^5,6

¹Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK. e.boakes@ucl.ac.uk.

Nature communications

|July 9, 2024

概括

可持续的粮食系统对于逆转生物多样性丧失至关重要. 我们的研究表明,甲排放显著推动生物多样性影响,强调了在粮食生产中需要有针对性的环境政策.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
环境科学环境科学
农业经济学农业经济学

背景情况:

全球粮食系统对土地利用和气候变化做出了重大贡献,这是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素.
可持续的粮食系统对于缓解生物多样性下降和促进生态平衡至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用EXIOBASE模型量化嵌入全球粮食系统中的生物多样性影响.
评估食品消费的土地驱动和温室气体驱动的生物多样性足迹.
用本地物种丰富度和稀有度加权物种丰富度指标比较生物多样性影响.

主要方法:

利用多区域输出输出模型EXIOBASE分析2011年全球粮食系统影响.
纳入的模型考虑区域生物多样性对土地使用和气候变化的敏感性.
使用两个不同的生物多样性指标计算了土地驱动和温室气体驱动的生物多样性足迹.

主要成果:

土地面积足迹指标低估了物种丰富地区生物多样性的影响.
稀有度加权物种丰富度强调了中南美洲的生物多样性成本.
甲排放占温室气体驱动的生物多样性足迹的70%.
一些地区的年度粮食生产排放与全球显著的生物多样性丧失有关.

结论:

生物多样性影响评估必须考虑区域差异,并采用适当的指标,如稀有权重的丰富度.
从粮食生产中减少甲排放对于减轻全球生物多样性丧失至关重要.
提出的措施为环境影响评估和政策制定提供了一个简单而有效的工具.

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