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相关概念视频

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
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Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Gap Junctions01:37

Gap Junctions

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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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Tension Response at Adherens Junctions01:26

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The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
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Author Spotlight: Insights into Cardiometabolic Diseases with Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Microvasculature Studies
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内皮-脂肪细胞Cx43介导间隙结可以调节脂肪性.

Melissa A Luse1,2, Luke S Dunaway1, Shruthi Nyshadham1

  • 1Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, USA.

Function (Oxford, England)
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概括

脂肪内皮细胞中的Connexin 43 (Cx43) 间隙结调节脂肪储存和脂质代谢. 干扰Cx43功能会使肥胖和脂质不良症恶化,强调其在代谢健康中的作用.

关键词:
脂肪的 脂肪的肥胖症是一种脂肪性.毛细血管是毛细血管的组成部分.不同细胞的接触是异细胞的.代谢 代谢 代谢 代谢肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖

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科学领域:

  • 代谢研究的研究.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 心血管科学 心血管科学

背景情况:

  • 肥胖是一种与内皮功能障碍和心血管风险相关的代谢障碍.
  • 脂肪毛细体内皮细胞 (CaECs) 对于脂质的运输和储存至关重要.
  • 了解CaEC-脂肪细胞相互作用是代谢调节的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 研究CaEC-脂肪细胞相互作用机制及其代谢影响.
  • 识别脂肪组织内的细胞间通信中的分子参与者.
  • 确定连素43 (Cx43) 在脂肪组织功能和肥胖中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNAseq) 用于分析CaEC基因表达.
  • 传输电子显微镜 (TEM) 用于可视化CaEC-脂肪细胞接触.
  • 在体外共同培养模型研究细胞间信号传递.
  • 在小鼠中对Cx43进行基因操纵 (耐淘汰和耐酸化突变).

主要成果:

  • scRNAseq在高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 的小鼠的CaEC中发现了增强的脂肪酸处理.
  • 在体外共同培养表明脂肪酸结合蛋白的脂质诱导上调4.
  • 内皮Cx43删除加剧了HFD诱导的脂肪和脂质失调.
  • Cx43 (Ser368) 的酸化在HFD和脂质治疗时增加,这表明间隙结关闭.
  • Cx43S368A突变小鼠在HFD上显示了减少脂肪和改善的脂质配置文件.

结论:

  • 脂肪毛细体内皮细胞具有专门的脂质处理能力.
  • 细胞间通信,可能通过Cx43,对于脂肪组织功能至关重要.
  • 通过Cx43介导的差距连接通信调节脂肪和脂质代谢,为肥胖提供潜在的治疗点.