预期与报告的慢性乙型肝炎感染病例在患有活跃结核的人群中 - 加利福尼亚州,2016-2020年
J Bradford Bertumen1, Lisa Pascopella, Emily Han
1Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Bertumen); California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California (Drs Bertumen and Pascopella, Mss Han and Glenn-Finer, Dr McElroy, Ms Stockman, and Dr Barry); Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California (Dr Wong); Alameda County Public Health Department, San Leandro, California (Dr Chitnis); University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California (Dr Jaganath); and Los Angeles County Public Health Department, Los Angeles, California (Ms Jewell and Dr Gounder).
在加利福尼亚州的结核病 (TB) 患者中,慢性乙型肝炎病毒 (cHBV) 感染可能被诊断不足. 缺乏常规监测,导致检测率比预期低23%,特别是在亚洲人群中.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 有限的流行病学数据存在于活跃结核病 (TB) 和慢性乙型肝炎病毒 (cHBV) 的同时感染.
- 在结核病患者中对cHBV的常规监测不是标准实践,这引发了加利福尼亚州潜在的诊断不足的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述2016年至2020年期间在加利福尼亚州被诊断患有活跃结核病的人群中患有cHBV感染的个体的人口特征.
- 根据人口因素和地理来源,将结核病患者观察到的cHBV诊断与预期的发病率进行比较.
主要方法:
- 从2016年至2020年期间在加利福尼亚州结核病和cHBV登记处匹配的数据.
- 根据结核病患者出生地点的公布流行率估计,计算出预期的cHBV病例.
- 分析了同时感染的个体的人口特征.
主要成果:
- 在结核病患者中报告的cHBV感染比预期低23%.
- 亚洲人,居住在更健康地区 (健康地点指数前两个季度) 和人口较少的司法管辖区的居民中,低诊断尤为明显.
- 在人口和地理因素之间观察到cHBV检测的显著差异.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,在加利福尼亚州活跃结核病患者中,cHBV的诊断不足.
- 在结核病患者中加强监测和针对性查cHBV是合理的,特别是在脆弱人群中.
- 解决诊断差距对于有效管理并发感染和改善公共卫生结果至关重要.
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