在接受选择性手术的老年患者的大型队列研究中,术前贫血和认知功能之间的关联
Keith Howell1, Cynthia Garvan1, Shawna Amini2
1From the Departments of Anesthesiology.
Anesthesia and analgesia
|July 10, 2024
概括
在接受手术的老年人中,术前贫血与认知能力下降和死亡风险增加有关. 在手术前解决贫血症可以改善患者的治疗结果并降低死亡率.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 在外科手术期间的医学.
背景情况:
- 贫血和认知能力下降有共同的病因,影响接受手术的老年人.
- 手术前贫血,认知功能和慢性疾病是手术结果的关键因素.
- 这项研究调查了手术患者的贫血,认知和慢性疾病之间的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 检查老年手术患者手术前贫血标志物和认知功能之间的关系.
- 评估贫血,慢性疾病状态 (ASA,虚弱) 和认知功能之间的关联.
- 研究贫血和认知功能对手术结果的影响,包括死亡率和停留时间.
主要方法:
- 分析了8643名患者 (≥65岁) 的手术前血红蛋白 (Hgb) 和认知查数据.
- 使用非参数方法和逻辑回归来分析关联.
- 主要结局包括出院处置和1年死亡率;次要结局包括手术并发症和停留时间.
主要成果:
- 26.7%的患者是贫血的;较低的Hgb与认知脆弱性相关 (斯皮尔曼r = -0.15,P <.0001).
- 贫血,认知脆弱,虚弱和年龄独立预测了1年的死亡率.
- 轻度贫血的死亡率增加了2.7倍;中度/重度贫血的死亡率增加了3.6倍,与非贫血患者相比.
结论:
- 手术前贫血,认知障碍和虚弱是老年手术患者1年死亡率的重要预测因素.
- 贫血会对手术结果产生负面影响,包括ICU/住院停留时间和出院处置.
- 在选择性手术之前,优化贫血作为可修改的风险因素至关重要,并与患者血液管理原则保持一致,使得未经治疗的贫血不符合标准护理.
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