洞察埃及输血传染病的危险和控制:一个叙事审查
Hazem A Sayed Ahmed1, Noha Kamel2, Eman Mohamed Mahfouz3
1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
概括
输血传染病 (TTIs) 在全球范围内对血液安全构成重大风险. 在埃及,虽然艾滋病毒和型肝炎等感染的流行率已被记录,但缺乏血液监测系统阻碍了全面的TTI预防.
科学领域:
- 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 输血是必不可少的,但会带来输血传染病 (TTIs) 的风险.
- 感染的捐赠者,受污染的产品或与输血相关的免疫抑制可能导致TTI.
- 关键的全球病原体包括艾滋病毒,HBV,HCV和梅毒,以及像SARS-CoV-2这样的新兴威胁.
研究的目的:
- 评估血液输血中与TTIs相关的挑战和残留风险.
- 突出埃及的特定感染患病率,并将其与全球背景进行比较.
- 强调需要强大的血液监测和监测系统,以确保血液安全.
主要方法:
- 全球关于TTI和血液安全策略的文献综述.
- 对在埃及献血者中报告的HIV,HBV,HCV和梅毒的流行率的分析.
- 评估现有的血液安全措施,并确定缺口,特别是在血液监测方面.
主要成果:
- 在埃及估计的流行率:艾滋病毒 (0.23%),HBV (0.76%),HCV (2.33%),梅毒 (0.24%).
- 在全球范围内,TTI的剩余风险有所不同,低收入国家的比例更高.
- 埃及缺乏全面的血液监测系统,这是监测和预防输血不良事件的关键组成部分.
结论:
- 确保血液安全需要持续监测和强有力的查协议,以尽量减少TTI风险.
- 埃及没有血液监测系统,这对血液安全构成了重大挑战.
- 加强国家血液系统和初级医疗保健的作用对于预防TTI和确保获得安全血液至关重要.
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