黑碳的特征和来源分配城市和沙漠的底层表面
Kang Yongde1, Li Wei2, Tang Chengxin3
1Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu, Lan zhou 730050, China; Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China; Taklimakan National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology, Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China; Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station, China Meteorological Administration, Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm, Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China.
The Science of the total environment
|July 10, 2024
概括
在新疆的黑碳 (BC) 度.
科学领域:
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气溶科学 气溶科学
背景情况:
- 黑碳 (BC) 是一个显著的吸收气溶,影响气候和空气质量.
- 它的空间和时间变化受气象条件和排放源的影响.
- 了解BC分布对于区域环境管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析乌鲁木齐和塔克拉马坎沙漠中黑碳 (BC) 度的空间和时间变化.
- 确定BC污染的潜在来源和受影响地区.
- 为新疆空气污染控制战略提供科学基础.
主要方法:
- 使用七通道乙醇计 (AE-33) 测量BC质量度.
- 使用潜在源贡献函数 (PSCF) 和度加权轨迹 (CWT) 模型分析BC变异特征,潜在源和受影响区域.
- 使用HYSPLIT模型进行逆向轨迹模拟.
主要成果:
- 在乌鲁木齐和塔克拉马坎沙漠,BC度差异很大,范围在0-500 ng·m-3之间.
- 来自Turpan的夏季空气流大大导致了这两个地区的高BC度.
- 春季在塔楼中显示出高CWT值 (>400 ng·m−3) 的最广泛覆盖范围,而乌鲁木齐在冬季从多个来源经历了中度污染.
结论:
- 新疆的BC分布和来源表现出显著的空间和时间异质性.
- 来自特区的空气流,如Turpan,在升高的BC水平中起着至关重要的作用.
- 调查结果支持新疆的有针对性的环境管理和空气污染减缓工作.
相关概念视频
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
The Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
Linear Approximations
For a differentiable function of two variables, linear approximation estimates values near a known point by replacing the curved surface with its tangent plane. Consider the function\begin{equation*}f(x,y)=x^2+3y^2\end{equation*}near the point (2, 1). The exact value at this point is f(2, 1) = 22 + 3(1)2 = 4 + 3 = 7.The linear approximation of f(x, y)) near (a, b) is\begin{equation*}L(x,y)=f(a,b)+f_x(a,b)(x-a)+f_y(a,b)(y-b)\end{equation*}First, compute the partial derivatives: fx(x, y) = 2x and...
Microbes and the Carbon Cycle
The carbon cycle is a fundamental Earth process involving the transfer of carbon among the biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. It plays a critical role in regulating the planet’s climate and supporting life by cycling carbon through various chemical forms and reservoirs. Carbon primarily circulates as carbon dioxide (CO₂), representing its oxidized form, while reduced forms such as methane (CH₄) and organic compounds also play essential roles.Microbial activity is central to...


