探索父母输入的跨语言差异及其与ASD儿童表达语言的关联:保加利亚语与英语的比较
Mihaela D Barokova1, Helen Tager-Flusberg1
1Center for Autism Research Excellence, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
概括
对于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的保加利亚和英语儿童来说,父母的投入不同. 虽然说英语的家长使用了更多的单词,保加利亚的家长使用了更多的动词和语句,强调了对ASD的文化适应干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 父母的意见对语言发展至关重要,特别是在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童中.
- 现有的关于父母对自闭症的贡献的研究主要基于英语人口.
- 父母投入的跨语言变化可能会影响ASD儿童的语言学习.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较保加利亚语和英语儿童与ASD提供口头父母输入.
- 确定预测ASD的英语儿童语言能力的输入特征是否也适用于保加利亚语儿童.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及37名保加利亚语和37名英语儿童的比较研究,对表达性语言能力进行了匹配.
- 在自由游戏期间,记录,转录和分析了父母与孩子之间的互动,以确定关键的父母输入措施.
- 分析的重点是词汇多样性,语法复杂性和交互模式,如问问题.
主要成果:
- 与保加利亚语父母相比,说英语的父母产生了更多的词令牌和类型.
- 比起说英语的父母,保加利亚的父母使用了更多与名词相比的动词,使用了更多的陈述和呼喊,同时提出的问题比说英语的父母少.
- 儿童的年龄和家长使用的问题成为儿童表达词汇在两种语言群体的重要预测因素.
结论:
- 这项研究是第一个在ASD中提供家长投入的跨语言比较的研究.
- 保加利亚语和英语语境之间的父母投入 (词汇构成,提问) 显著差异需要量身定制的干预措施.
- 调查结果强调了适应自然主义的父母介导干预措施以适应ASD儿童的特定语言和文化特征的重要性.
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