在心理学理论中整合内部和个人间的现象
Denny Borsboom1, Jonas Haslbeck1,2
1Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam.
Multivariate behavioral research
|July 11, 2024
概括
正式化的理论可以弥合个人功能和群体差异之间的差距. 这种方法通过可观测的统计模式连接了个人内部和个人间的分析.
科学领域:
- 心理学科学 心理学科学
- 方法论 方法论 方法论
- 理论心理学 理论心理学
背景情况:
- 心理学科学传统上以两种不同的方法学方法运作:一个侧重于个体功能 (人内) 和另一个侧重于个体差异 (个人间).
- 这些不同的传统往往利用不同的数据源和统计模型,从一个发现很少转移到另一个没有强有力的假设.
- 这种方法学上的差距在心理学研究中整合不同层次的分析提出了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 提出正式的理论作为一种手段,以连接和整合在心理科学中个体内和个体间的分析水平.
- 为了证明正规化的理论如何可以作为心理学中不同方法论传统之间的桥梁.
- 探索正式理论对理解理论构造与实证数据之间的关系的影响.
主要方法:
- 该研究主张使用正式理论来链接个人内部和个人间的数据.
- 它引入了个人内部和个人间的现象之间的区别.
- 提出的方法涉及使用正式化来调查预期的经验现象 (统计模式),如果给定的理论是真实的,会出现.
主要成果:
- 正式化理论提供了一种间接但有效的方式来连接内部和个人间的分析.
- 理论和数据之间的关系最好通过中间的统计现象来理解.
- 许多心理学理论预计将对个人内部和个人间的现象产生影响.
结论:
- 正式化的理论提供了一个关键的方法论工具,用于整合在心理学研究中不同层次的分析.
- 这种整合可以增强心理学理论的解释力和经验基础.
- 正式化方法允许系统地调查理论命题如何转化为个人和团体层面的可观察模式.
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