在城市和农村马拉维,与自我报告的诊断喘相关的因素:基于人口对非传染性疾病的研究的观察结果
Abena S Amoah1,2, Estelle McLean1,2, Alison J Price1,2
1Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
PLOS global public health
|July 11, 2024
概括
城市马拉维女性的喘患病率更高,与肥胖和心脏病有关. 在农村男性中,吸烟与较低的喘几率有关. 需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 全球喘负担正在增加,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家,这是城市化和生活方式转变所推动的.
- 喘对这些地区成年人的影响仍然不够.
- 了解喘患病率和风险因素对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定马拉维城市和农村成年人中自我报告的诊断喘的患病率.
- 在这些人群中识别与喘相关的因素.
- 为公共卫生战略提供信息,解决日益增长的喘负担.
主要方法:
- 在马拉维的 Lilongwe (城市) 和 Karonga (农村) 进行了基于人口的横截面调查.
- 关于自我报告的诊断喘,症状,人口统计,社会经济地位,并发病,环境暴露和人体测量数据的数据是通过采访者领导的问卷收集的.
- 用多变量逻辑回归模型,使用邦费罗尼方法对多次比较进行校正,用于分析关联.
主要成果:
- 这项研究分析了30483名成年参与者的数据 (54.6%城市,45.4%农村,61.9%女性).
- 喘患病率在城市参与者中为5.1%,在农村参与者中为4.5%.
- 肥胖与城市女性喘几率更高有关 (OR = 1.59). 心脏病与农村女性的喘有关 (OR = 2.30). 当前吸烟与农村男性的喘几率降低有关 (OR = 0.46).
结论:
- 在马拉维,自我报告的诊断喘患病率在女性和城市居民中较高.
- 在女性中发现过重体重,并发病 (心脏病) 和被诊断为喘之间存在显著的联系.
- 建议进一步进行临床喘评估的纵向研究,以阐明这些关联.
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