在弗吉尼亚州沿海地区的城市环境中繁殖的寻食常见 (Sterna hirundo) 的移动模式
Daniel H Catlin1, Daniel Gibson2, Kelsi L Hunt1
1Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 11, 2024
概括
从他们的南岛殖民地流离失所的常见 (Sterna hirundo) 在相对接近他们以前的地点食. 新殖民地安置应尽量减少到这些关键食区的旅行距离,以支持繁殖成功.
科学领域:
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 殖民海鸟是核心的捕食者,与繁殖和捕食相关的能源成本很大.
- 人类活动,如息地丧失和基础设施建设,可能会取代巢的海鸟殖民地.
- 弗吉尼亚州的南岛曾经拥有大量混合物种的海鸟殖民地,但由于汉普顿路桥道扩建而丧失.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究从南岛迁移的普通 (Sterna hirundo) 的食运动模式.
- 为流离失所的海鸟种群提供最佳位置和新繁殖岛屿的建设信息.
- 了解寻地点的选择与殖民地位置之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在2018年6月7日至29日跟踪18只单独的普通.
- 使用隐藏的马尔科夫模型来分析运动模式和分配行为状态.
- 量化在殖民地,食和过境的时间.
主要成果:
- 普通花了58%的时间在殖民地,22%的时间在食,剩下的时间在运输中.
- 食旅行平均距离殖民地13.6公里,个人旅行长达98公里.
- 单独的在食地点表现出地点忠诚度,尽管个体之间存在差异.
结论:
- 尽量减少到已建立的食场的旅行距离对于新殖民地定位至关重要.
- 了解食生态对于成功恢复息地和为殖民海鸟创造息地至关重要.
- 这些发现为设计普通和相关物种的有效保护策略提供了关键数据.
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