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绘制整个欧洲阿尔卑斯山保护森林的自然干扰风险
Ana Stritih1, Cornelius Senf2, Thomas Marsoner3
1Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; Berchtesgaden National Park, Doktorberg 6, 83471 Berchtesgaden, Germany.
Journal of environmental management
|July 11, 2024
概括
山地森林保护社区,但风和树皮甲虫等越来越多的干扰威胁着这一服务. 绘制风险地图有助于优先考虑森林管理和应对自然灾害的准备领域.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 山林提供了关键的生态系统服务,特别是对自然灾害的保护.
- 越来越多的自然干扰 (风暴,树皮甲虫爆发,森林火灾) 威胁着森林保护能力.
- 对这些服务的风险评估对于有效的森林管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 将风险映射到欧洲阿尔卑斯山的森林保护服务.
- 整合森林保护服务风险的危险,暴露和脆弱性组成部分.
- 确定针对性森林管理战略的高风险地区.
主要方法:
- 结合了来自卫星的森林干扰数据 (1986-2020年) 和用于森林结构的空间激光雷达数据 (GEDI).
- 利用集体模型来预测干扰概率和干扰后的森林结构.
- 将地形和气候预测因素纳入风险评估模型.
主要成果:
- 风和树皮甲虫是阿尔卑斯山的主要干扰物 (年平均概率为0.05%).
- 超过40%的森林在干扰后保留了保护结构;61%的森林可能在风/树皮甲虫事件发生后的30年内恢复.
- 森林火灾造成的脆弱性风险更高 (30年后51%缺乏结构),特别是在干旱地区.
结论:
- 确定了186个阿尔卑斯山市因风/树皮甲虫的高风险和117个因火灾的高风险.
- 对生态系统服务的干扰风险进行映射对于确定准备的优先领域至关重要.
- 森林管理策略应旨在降低对加剧干扰制度的敏感性.
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