由于饮食脂肪质量改善而导致的脂质变化,可告知心脏代谢风险的降低和精准营养
Fabian Eichelmann1,2, Marcela Prada3,4, Laury Sellem5
1Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. fabian.eichelmann@dife.de.
Nature medicine
|July 11, 2024
概括
通过用不和脂肪取代和脂肪来改善饮食脂肪质量,可以显著降低心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险. 一个新的多脂评分 (MLS) 有助于根据脂质代谢预测这些健康结果.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 代谢性疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 目前的指导方针提倡增加不和脂肪和减少和脂肪,以预防心脏代谢疾病.
- 饮食脂肪质量对脂质代谢和疾病发病率的影响需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证多脂评分 (MLS),以量化饮食脂肪质量对脂质代谢物的影响.
- 评估MLS与心血管疾病 (CVD) 和2型糖尿病 (T2D) 风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 分析了随机对照饮食干预试验 (EPIC-Potsdam,护士健康研究,PREDIMED) 的脂质组学数据.
- 一个多脂评分 (MLS) 和一个简化的版本 (rMLS) 被构建来反映饮食脂肪质量.
- 统计分析检查了MLS/rMLS和心血管疾病/T2D发病率和风险之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 较高的MLS,表明更好的食脂肪质量,与EPIC-波茨坦队列中CVD (-32%) 和T2D (-26%) 发病率的显著减少有关.
- 在护士健康研究中,10年内改善的rMLS与降低糖尿病风险有关 (OR 0.76).
- 在PREDIMED试验中,地中海饮食干预降低了糖尿病发病率,主要是在基线不良rMLS的参与者中.
结论:
- 饮食脂肪质量显著影响脂质组,可以使用MLS和rMLS量化.
- MLS和rMLS显示了与饮食脂肪修改相关的健康结果的预测潜力.
- 这些发现支持根据脂质代谢改进预防心脏代谢疾病的饮食建议.
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