工人是否也容易受到环境空气污染的影响? 从大规模的呼吸器检查中获得的洞察力
Peixia Hu1, Zhiqiang Li2, Anyi Hu3
1Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
The Science of the total environment
|July 11, 2024
概括
环境空气污染,包括PM2.5和臭氧,显著增加了工人阻塞性呼吸器功能障碍 (OVD) 的风险. 高温和噪音等职业因素可能会加剧这些风险,强调需要改善呼吸系统健康保护.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业医学 职业医学是专业的.
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 环境空气污染对公众健康的关注越来越大.
- 空气污染物对职业环境中呼吸道健康的影响尚未完全理解.
- 阻塞性呼吸器功能障碍 (OVD) 是一种严重的呼吸系统疾病,影响工人群体.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种环境空气污染物与大量工人群中的OVD流行率之间的关联.
- 探索职业因素对空气污染和OVD之间的关系的潜在交互影响.
- 提供有针对性的干预措施的证据,以保护工人呼吸系统健康.
主要方法:
- 一项基于中国广东省305,022名参与者的基于人口的横截面研究.
- 混合效应模型用于分析与PM2.5,PM10,粗PM,O3和NO2增加相关的OVD风险.
- 研究了空气污染物和职业因素之间的相互作用,例如年龄,性别,服务年限,企业规模,工作类型,温度,噪音和尘埃暴露.
主要成果:
- 增加PM2.5,PM10,粗PM,O3和NO2度与OVD的更高几率比率显著相关.
- 年轻的工人,女性,服务时间较长的工人以及生产/制造业职位的工人显示出更高的估计效应.
- 对暴露在高温和噪声中的工人观察到高风险,而暴露在尘埃中显示出在空气污染物暴露下对OVD的保护作用.
结论:
- 环境空气污染是工人阻塞性通风功能障碍的重要危险因素.
- 职业因素,特别是高温和噪音,可以改变空气污染对工人的呼吸健康的影响.
- 调查结果强调了将空气污染控制措施纳入职业健康战略的必要性,以保护工人的福祉.
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