西方饮食通过FXR-INTERFERON通路减少了小肠内皮质淋巴细胞
Chen-Ting Hung1, Changqing Ma1, Santosh K Panda1
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Mucosal immunology
|July 11, 2024
概括
来自西方饮食的肥胖症通过减少内皮细胞淋巴细胞 (IELs) 来降低肠道适应性免疫力. 这种效应是可逆的,并通过Farnesoid X受体 (FXR) 在肠道细胞中传递信号.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 肥胖的患病率正在上升,影响公众健康.
- 饮食引起的肥胖可能会影响粘膜免疫力,特别是肠道适应性免疫力.
- 之前的研究表明,西方饮食 (WD) 损害了小肠中的关键先天免疫细胞帕内特细胞.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查肥胖是否抑制肠道适应性免疫力.
- 确定导致饮食引起的肠道免疫变化的机制.
主要方法:
- 分析高BMI的人体内皮质内淋巴细胞 (IEL) 和食WD的小鼠.
- 评估WD对各种免疫细胞群体 (IELs,脏,血液,骨髓淋巴细胞) 的影响.
- 研究肠道微生物群和Farnesoid X受体 (FXR) 信号在WD诱导的免疫变化中的作用.
主要成果:
- 高BMI与人类IEL密度降低相关.
- 在小鼠中WD消费降低了IEL,但没有降低其他淋巴细胞群;这是可逆的.
- 由于WD引起的IEL降低发生在肠道微生物群的独立性上.
- 通过WD激活Farnesoid X受体 (FXR) 引发了IEL的降低,部分是通过细胞分泌的I型IFN.
结论:
- 饮食诱发的肥胖,特别是通过饮食消费,显著抑制了肠道内在和适应性免疫力.
- 细胞的FXR信号传递和I型IFN产生是WD诱导IEL损失的关键媒介.
- 这些发现突出了饮食在调节粘膜免疫反应中的关键作用,具有临床意义.
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