在精英赛步运动员中,在低空训练和在温暖的环境中逐渐缩小后,高水平的表现
Bastien Krumm1, Brent Vallance2,3, Louise Burke2
1Research and Expertise in Anti-Doping Sciences-REDs, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
European journal of sport science
|July 12, 2024
概括
在为期4周的低海拔营地里,精英赛步运动员的血红蛋白质量和训练负载略有增加. 这种"直播高铁高"的策略,加上逐渐缩小,在竞争准备方面被证明是有效的.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 高空训练 高空训练
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 目前的指导方针建议2000-2500米的高度训练,以提高血红蛋白质量.
- 较低的高度 (<2000米) 很受欢迎,促使研究对耐力运动员的有效性进行研究.
- 精英跑步运动员准备参加世界田径锦标赛,使用了一种新的高度训练方案.
研究的目的:
- 为精英耐力运动员在1720米的"高高地铁高地" (LHTH) 营地评估"高高地铁高地" (LHTH) 营地的有效性.
- 为了评估在高度暴露期间和之后的血红蛋白质量 (Hbmass) 和训练负载的变化.
- 确定低海拔LHTH跟随逐渐缩小是否是一个可行的竞争策略.
主要方法:
- 十名精英赛步运动员 (4名女性,6名男性) 参加了为期4周的1720米的LHTH营地.
- 每周对训练量和持续时间进行监测,并抽取血液样本进行Hbmass分析.
- 在高度暴露和返回后使用一氧化碳再呼吸来测量血液体积.
主要成果:
- 在4周的营地后,观察到绝对 (+1.7%) 和相对 (+2.3%) Hbmass 的显著增加.
- 与营前水平相比,在高度暴露期间,训练距离 (+28%) 和持续时间 (+30%) 显著增加.
- 运动员在世界田径锦标赛上取得了高水平的表现,包括前十名和个人最佳表现.
结论:
- 低海拔的LHTH (1720m) 可以在精英运动员中引起Hb质量的适度增加.
- 增加在高度的训练负载和温暖环境的逐渐减速阶段的结合是一种潜在的有效的竞争准备策略.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定LHTH协议和性能结果之间的直接因果关系.
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