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两种自杀查仪器的比较,用于识别监狱中高危人群

Joscha Hausam¹, Daniela Calvano¹, Annette Opitz-Welke^1,2

¹Institute of Forensic Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Frontiers in psychiatry

|July 12, 2024

概括

在柏林的一项监狱研究中,初步风险评估查 (SIRAS) 发现的风险犯人比维也纳监狱自杀倾向工具 (VISCI) 更多. 这两种工具都通过增加囚犯支持来显示构造有效性.

科学领域:

犯罪学犯罪学
精神病学是一个精神病学.
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

监狱中的高自杀率是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
有效的自杀预防策略依赖于早期识别有风险的个体.

研究的目的:

为了比较两个自杀查工具SIRAS和VISCI在柏林男性监狱人口中的有效性.
根据随后的囚犯护理来评估这些仪器的构造有效性.

主要方法:

在柏林监狱系统中,对289名男性囚犯的样本进行了查,使用了初始风险评估查 (SIRAS) 和维也纳惩戒机构自杀倾向仪器 (VISCI).
分析了根据风险级别对囚犯的分类以及随后的监测/支持.

主要成果:

与VISCI (24) 相比,SIRAS发现的高风险囚犯数量 (66) 显著高于VISCI (24).
仪器之间的分类一致性很低,除了有自杀念头的囚犯,这可能是由于评估的风险因素不同.
通过任何一个仪器确定为高风险的囚犯都获得了更多的监控和支持,支持构建有效性.

结论:

与VISCI相比,SIRAS在特定监狱人群中识别高风险囚犯方面似乎更敏感.
虽然这两种仪器都证明了构造有效性,但由于研究样本中没有自杀死亡,因此需要进一步的研究来确定预测有效性.
从方法上讲,健全的研究对于完善惩戒机构的自杀预防实践至关重要.

关键词:

这里是SIRAS SIRAS.这就是VISCI VISCI的意思.犯罪者是犯罪者.监狱是一个监狱.自杀自杀自杀自杀自杀自杀自杀自杀预防自杀预防自杀查自杀查

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