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免疫检查点抑制剂在固体器官移植受体中使用,这些受体患有晚期皮肤恶性瘤
Stephanie Ji1, Hao Liu2, Laura Pachella3
1Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
Frontiers in transplantation
|July 12, 2024
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 对器官移植受体的皮肤癌表现出活性,但具有很高的移植拒绝风险. 个性化治疗和跨学科讨论对于管理这些患者至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
背景情况:
- 皮肤恶性瘤在固体器官移植 (SOT) 接受者中很常见.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 是标准的癌症疗法,但它们在SOT接受者中的使用尚未研究.
- 需要对ICI对先进皮肤癌SOT患者的异位移植排斥的影响进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估ICI在SOT接受者中具有晚期皮肤恶性瘤的疗效和安全性.
- 在这个患者群体中确定ICI的客观响应率 (ORR).
- 评估与ICI治疗相关的全移植排斥和移植失败的发生率.
主要方法:
- 对接受SOT治疗ICI治疗晚期黑色素瘤,皮肤状细胞癌 (cSCC) 和默克尔细胞癌 (MCC) 的接受者进行了回顾性分析.
- 包括机构和已发表的文献案例.
- 数据收集包括人口统计,免疫抑制疗法,ICI类型,先前治疗,瘤反应和移植结果.
主要成果:
- 分析了90名患者 (4名来自机构,86名来自文献).
- 整体ORR与一线ICI的整体ORR为41.1%. 根据瘤类型的ORR有所不同:黑色素瘤 (31%),cSCC (64.3%),MCC (25%).
- 37.8%的患者发生了移植排斥,其中61.8%的患者进展到移植失败. 较少的免疫抑制剂与较低的移植失败率相关.
结论:
- ICI在皮肤恶性瘤的SOT接受者中显示出临床活性.
- 然而,ICI治疗与高水平的移植排斥和随后的失败有关.
- 建议采用个性化治疗策略,进行跨学科咨询,并考虑免疫抑制剂的修改或临床试验.
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