美国献血者的艾滋病毒亚型和与耐药性相关的突变,2015-2020年
Brian Custer1,2, Eda Altan1, Leilani Montalvo1
1Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|July 12, 2024
概括
对献血者的HIV基因型的监测揭示了美国一般人口的遗传多样性和药物耐药性突变 (DRM). 研究结果表明,献血者对艾滋病毒传播趋势和新获得的感染提供了宝贵的见解.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在献血者中监测人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 基因型可以提供对一般人口感染趋势的见解.
- 了解艾滋病毒遗传多样性对于公共卫生监测和治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在献血者中分析HIV的遗传多样性和药物耐药性突变 (DRM).
- 评估献血者的HIV基因型是否代表美国一般人口.
主要方法:
- 从阳性献血者血样本中提取了HIV RNA.
- 嵌套实时聚合酶连锁反应和下一代测序被用于基因组分析.
- 序列与洛杉矶阿拉莫斯国家实验室 (LANL) 数据库进行了比较,并使用斯坦福HIV DRM 数据库对DRM进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 在743个HIV阳性捐赠中,563个 (75.8%) 成功测序,主要是B亚型 (543个样本).
- 献血者的HIV基因型与可用的LANL基因型没有显著差异,并且在新获得的感染和流行感染中相似.
- 药物耐药性突变 (DRM) 在21.6%的样本中被发现,非核酸逆转录酶抑制剂DRM是最常见的 (14.0%).
结论:
- 美国献血者的HIV遗传多样性和DRM似乎代表了流传的HIV感染.
- 献血者数据可能为艾滋病毒感染多样性提供有价值的见解,特别是最近传播的感染,可能提供比LANL数据库更最新的信息.
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