被捕者之间的死亡率差异根据种族,判刑倾向和地点
George Zuo1, Beau Kilmer1, Nancy Nicosia1
1RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
JAMA health forum
|July 12, 2024
概括
美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民在司法系统中的死亡率差异仍然存在. 在所有判决条款中观察到更高的风险,特别是在仅被捕的人身上.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 司法涉及的人口之间的死亡率差异是一个关键的公共卫生问题,特别是在美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人等边缘化种族群体.
- 了解这些差异对于为有效的公共卫生干预和政策制定提供信息至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查南达科他州司法系统中参与的个人死亡率的种族差异.
- 检查不同的判决安排和地理位置 (地点) 如何影响这些死亡率差异.
主要方法:
- 在南达科他州从2000年1月到2016年12月使用相关的行政犯罪记录和死亡率数据进行了观察性研究.
- 分析包括18岁及以上被捕的个人,比较美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人和白人被捕者之间的死亡率 (全因和因特定),跨越各种判决条款 (仅逮捕,罚款,缓刑,监狱,监狱).
主要成果:
- 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人与他们在南达科他州的人口比例相比,逮捕的比例不成比例.
- 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民被捕者比白人被捕者死亡的风险明显高,在所有判决处分中明显存在差异,在"仅逮捕"类别中最为明显.
- 虽然缓刑和监禁的差异缩小了,但它们仍然很大,特别是在城市地区的"仅逮捕"群体.
结论:
- 在司法系统中涉及的个人中,死亡风险和种族差异因判刑处分和地理位置而有很大差异.
- 需要量身定制的公共卫生干预措施来解决这些复杂的差异.
- 需要进一步的研究,以阐明关联判决,地点和死亡结果的潜在机制.
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