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相关概念视频

Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

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Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
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The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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DNA-PK:超越突触的总结

Noah J Goff1, Mariia Mikhova2, Jens C Schmidt3

  • 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology Genetics & Immunology, Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

DNA repair
|July 12, 2024
PubMed
概括

非同源端结合 (NHEJ) 途径通过不同的突触综合体来修复DNA双链断裂 (DSB). 新的冷电磁和成像研究揭示了长距离NHEJ复合体中的两个DNA-PK二分体类型,进步了对基因组完整性的理解.

关键词:
这就是DNA-PKK.尼希耶 (NHEJ) 是一个

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Live-imaging of PKC Translocation in Sf9 Cells and in Aplysia Sensory Neurons
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2 in 1: One-step Affinity Purification for the Parallel Analysis of Protein-Protein and Protein-Metabolite Complexes
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Live-imaging of PKC Translocation in Sf9 Cells and in Aplysia Sensory Neurons
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • DNA双链断裂 (DSB) 是高度有毒的DNA损伤,威胁着基因组完整性.
  • 非同类末端连接 (NHEJ) 途径是高脊椎动物中DSB的主要修复机制.
  • NHEJ涉及DNA末端识别,处理和结合,DNA依赖蛋白激酶 (DNA-PK) 在识别中发挥着关键作用.

研究的目的:

  • 审查有关不同NHEJ突触综合体功能的当前知识.
  • 整合来自冷EM,突变分析和单分子成像的见解.
  • 为了使结构发现与细胞研究和以前的DNA-PK功能数据保持一致.

主要方法:

  • 审查最近的冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 研究.
  • 对结构功能突变实验的分析.
  • 整合新的单分子成像方法.

主要成果:

  • 为了进行DSB修复,NHEJ通过不同的突触综合体,从远程到短程,进行进展.
  • 化EM研究发现了两种不同类型的DNA-PK二极体,代表了长距离的NHEJ复合体.
  • 这些发现表明NHEJ的机制比以前理解的要复杂得多.

结论:

  • 在NHEJ远程复合体中发现了独特的DNA-PK二极体,这为机械学提供了新的见解.
  • 新兴的结构和成像数据对于理解NHEJ路径调节至关重要.
  • 进一步调整结构和细胞数据的研究将提高我们对DNA修复的理解.