在患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童中,与性别和年龄相关的大脑结构和功能变化
Di Zhou1, Ting Hua1, Huan Tang2
1Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|July 12, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 影响大脑结构和功能不同于男孩和女孩,在不同的年龄组. 这些神经生理学差异对于理解儿童的自闭症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种复杂的神经发育状况.
- 了解与ASD中年龄和性别相关的神经生物学变异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究年龄和性别对患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童大脑结构和功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 检查大脑的差异.
- 该研究包括185名患有自闭症的儿童和110名典型发育的儿童.
主要成果:
- 在ASD的男孩中观察到灰质体积的性别特异性差异 (例如,insula增加,thalamus减少).
- 患有自闭症的女孩表现出明显的变化,包括骨灰质增加和功能连接性改变.
- 在患有自闭症的学龄前儿童 (低连接性) 和学龄儿童 (灰质增加,功能连接性改变) 中发现了与年龄相关的变化.
结论:
- 年龄和性别显著影响ASD儿童的神经生理变化.
- 考虑到这些人口因素对于准确分析ASD中的大脑变化至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
79
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
79
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
54
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
54
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
54
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
54
01:26Modeling in Therapy
65
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
65