基于酸盐的多烯胺双网水凝,用于从废水中吸附
Jiaxin Duan1, Xiao Zhang1, Yun Wei2
1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 3rd Ring North East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
概括
一种新的奇托/聚烯胺/兰坦 (CS/PAM/La) 水凝有效地从水中去除酸盐,防止过度缩. 这种吸附剂在多个循环中保持高效率,并符合废水处理的国家标准.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 过多的在水中会导致缩,损害水生生物和人类饮用水安全.
- 传统的酸盐去除方法往往面临效率和可重复使用性的局限性.
- 开发用于高效酸盐封存的先进材料对于水资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 设计和合成一种桑/聚烯胺/兰 (CS/PAM/La) 复合凝,以有效地从水溶液中去除酸盐.
- 研究开发的水凝的吸附能力,可重复使用性和去除机制.
- 评估CS/PAM/La水凝在实际废水处理中的性能.
主要方法:
- 合成具有增强吸附和机械性能的CS/PAM/La水凝.
- 在包括pH在内的各种条件下进行的酸盐吸附实验.
- 吸附-脱附循环测试,以评估材料的可重复使用性.
- 使用质量转移因子 (MTF) 模型和密度函数理论 (DFT) 计算,分析吸附机制.
- 在实际废水样本上进行应用测试.
主要成果:
- 与未经修改的奇托 (CS) 相比,CS/PAM/La水凝具有显著增强的酸盐吸附能力.
- 在pH值5.0时,达到80.07mg-P/g的最佳吸附能力.
- 液凝显示出出色的可重复使用性,在5个吸附-脱吸周期后保持超过90%的吸附效率.
- 机制分析表明了特定的吸附途径,DFT计算提供了对水凝结构的洞察.
- 当CS/PAM/La水凝应用于真实的废水时,它成功满足了国家标准.
结论:
- CS/PAM/La复合水凝是一种高效且可重复使用的材料,用于从水溶液中去除酸盐.
- 增强的吸附性归因于 (La) 和聚烯胺 (PAM) 的协同效应,它们被纳入了酸盐 (CS) 基质.
- 这种新型的水凝显示出在废水处理中实际应用的巨大潜力,以减轻过度缩.
相关概念视频
04:01Factors Affecting Solubility
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
02:16Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this theory, a Brønsted acid is defined as a species that donates a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted to its conjugate base. A Brønsted base is defined as a species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted into its conjugate acid. These transfers of protons are caused by the displacement of electrons in these reactions, which is...
01:01Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis of acid halides is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which acid halides react with water to give carboxylic acids. The reaction occurs readily and does not require acid or a base catalyst.
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic acid...
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic acid...
01:15Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...
01:17Precipitation and Co-precipitation
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
01:17Ion Exchange
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...