什么决定了中国社区老年人的非正式护理需求? 一项纵向研究的结果
Liangwen Zhang1,2, Shuyuan Shen1,2, Wenzheng Zhang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
BMC geriatrics
|July 12, 2024
概括
残疾和生活安排在中国对非正式护理需求产生重大影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 由于人口老龄化,中国面临着对非正式护理的日益增长的需求.
- 现有的关于非正式护理需求的研究往往忽略了社区居住的老年人和纵向数据.
- 本研究通过使用纵向数据检查影响中国社区老年人非正式护理需求的因素来解决这些差距.
研究的目的:
- 实证地探索影响中国社区老年人非正式护理需求的因素.
- 用纵向数据分析非正式护理接收,来源和强度的决定因素.
- 确定特定的老年人小组,具有独特的非正式照顾需求.
主要方法:
- 利用了2011年至2018年的中国健康与退休纵向研究研究 (CHARLS) 的面板数据.
- 采用了通用的线性混合模型来评估影响非正式护理接收的因素.
- 应用线性混合模型来分析非正式护理来源和强度的决定因素.
主要成果:
- 在2011年至2018年期间,接受非正式护理的老年人比例从19.92%上升到30.78%.
- 残疾 (估计=4.27) 和生活条件 (估计=0.42) 是非正式护理需求的关键决定因素.
- 农村的老年人更倾向于接受非正式照顾 (估计=0.14),而来自儿童的经济支持并没有显著影响需求.
结论:
- 非正式护理的需求和强度正在增加,成本也在上升.
- 特定的老年群体,包括最老的老人,独自生活的人和严重残疾人,表现出独特的护理需求.
- 未来的战略应侧重于平衡城乡护理资源,支持农村地区,减少护理不平等,加强以社区为基础的非正式护理系统.
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