大规模研究AI对识别胸部X射线图的影响,在门诊成像中没有可采取行动的疾病
Awais Mansoor1, Ingo Schmuecking1, Florin C Ghesu1
1Siemens Healthineers, Digital Technology and Innovation, Princeton, NJ.
Academic radiology
|July 13, 2024
概括
人工智能可以识别超过20%的胸部X射线图没有可采取行动的疾病 (NAD),显著减少放射科医生的工作量. 这种人工智能工具在门诊成像中显示出高特异性和低错误率的关键发现.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 诊断的准确性 诊断的准确性
背景情况:
- 放射科医生面临着很大的工作负载,因为胸部放射图的数量很大.
- 显著的一部分门诊胸部X射线图显示没有可操作的发现,影响效率.
- 自动识别正常或不可采取行动的案件可以简化阅读工作流程.
研究的目的:
- 在门诊环境中评估AI工具在识别没有可采取行动的疾病 (NAD) 的胸部X射线图中的性能.
- 在大规模验证研究中使用客观和可重现的标准来定义NAD.
- 评估AI在区分NAD和可采取行动的疾病 (AD) 中的准确性.
主要方法:
- 来自门诊成像中心的14057张胸部X射线图的独立验证研究.
- 通过审查CXR报告来确定基本事实,将病例分类为NAD或AD.
- 人工智能NAD分析器在数百万张图像上进行了训练,它使用一个协同系统进行案例级输出.
主要成果:
- 在研究人群中,NAD病例的患病率为70.7%.
- 人工智能正确识别了NAD病例,灵敏度为29.1%,收益率为20.6%.
- 人工智能实现了98.9%的特异性,所有病例的错误率为0.3%,重要发现的错误率为0.06%,没有错过关键发现.
结论:
- 人工智能可以识别大约20%的门诊胸部X射线图没有可采取行动的疾病 (NAD).
- 人工智能显示,对于重要的和关键的发现,错误率非常低.
- 实施用于NAD识别的AI可以简化读取协议,提高放射科医生的效率并减少工作量.
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