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在巴布亚新几内亚的健康和营养促进计划:一个范围审查
Juliana Chen1,2, Alyse Davies1,2, Phyllis Tran1,2
1Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Nutrients
|July 13, 2024
概括
巴布亚新几内亚面临着不断上升的非传染性疾病 (NCD),使其医疗保健受到压力. 健康促进计划显示出希望,但需要更好的NCD重点和持续的资金来实现影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 促进健康 促进健康
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 是一种非传染性疾病.
背景情况:
- 巴布亚新几内亚 (PNG) 在现有的传染病之外,经历了越来越多的非传染性疾病 (NCD) 负担.
- 这种双重负担在缺乏资源的环境中对医疗保健系统构成了重大挑战.
- 现有的健康促进计划往往侧重于传染性疾病,对非传染性疾病的关注有限.
研究的目的:
- 审查PNG现有的健康和营养促进计划.
- 确定影响这些计划实施和成功的推动因素和障碍.
- 为解决日益增长的非传染性疾病患病率的未来战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在四个电子数据库和灰色文献中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 两个独立的审查员进行了查和数据提取.
- 该审查包括23篇论文,详细介绍了22个不同的健康和营养促进计划.
主要成果:
- 这些计划主要集中在培养个人技能,重新定位卫生服务,加强社区行动等方面.
- 大多数计划 (19) 针对传染病,只有两个针对非传染性疾病.
- 关键的推动因素包括社区参与,文化相关性,强有力的领导力和移动医疗技术;障碍包括有限的资源,资金和中央领导.
结论:
- 迫切需要制定和实施针对PNG的非传染性疾病及其风险因素的有针对性的健康和营养促进计划.
- 有效的项目需要社区参与,文化敏感和强有力的领导力.
- 未来的研究应该采用纵向设计来评估长期影响和计划的可持续性.
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