儿童营养不良的社会环境决定因素:空间和层次分析
Austin Sandler1, Laixiang Sun2,3
1Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Rd., Unit 4021W.B. Young 302, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Nutrients
|July 13, 2024
概括
在全球范围内,儿童营养不良仍然存在. 社会环境因素和气候显著影响浪费和衰老,但影响因地点和指标而异.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 儿童营养不良,包括消耗和衰老,尽管减少了贫困,但仍然是一个重大的全球健康挑战.
- 每年有超过5000万儿童患有急性营养不良 (消耗) 和1.5亿儿童患有慢性营养不良 (发育迟缓).
- 社会环境决定因素对这些条件的确切影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 评估和量化拟议的社会环境决定因素对肯尼亚和尼日利亚儿童衰老和浪费的有效性.
- 通过使用地理空间和分类数据,确定关键的风险因素和营养不良缓解努力的目标领域.
主要方法:
- 来自肯尼亚和尼日利亚人口健康调查 (2003-2014) 的综合健康和人口统计数据与气候数据 (降雨量,温度,植被).
- 采用四级随机拦截层次的通用逻辑模型来分析营养不良指标.
- 利用地理空间和分类数据来了解风险分布.
主要成果:
- 空间和层次因素解释了28-36%的营养不良结果变化.
- 时间气候变化 (降水,温度,植被) 与营养不良率的50%以上变化相关.
- 浪费主要与母亲的教育,家庭财富,临床分娩和疫苗接种有关. 发育迟缓还受到儿童无症状发烧,咳或腹的影响.
结论:
- 社会环境因素和气候变量是肯尼亚和尼日利亚儿童营养不良的重要决定因素.
- 母亲教育,家庭财富和获得医疗保健对于减少浪费和衰老至关重要.
- 虽然气候数据很有价值,但其对营养不良的影响在不同指标和地理位置上是不一致的,需要量身定制的干预措施.
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