对盐的品味偏好预测了中国人口的盐摄入量
Qingfang He1, Xiaofu Du1, Lixin Wang1
1Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China.
Nutrients
|July 13, 2024
概括
自我报告的盐味偏好准确地预测了中国实际盐摄入量更高的情况. 这一发现支持在有针对性的公共卫生活动中使用口味偏好来减少消耗.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 高盐摄入量是中国的重大公共卫生问题,导致高血压和心血管疾病.
- 了解口味偏好和实际盐消耗之间的关系对于有效的饮食干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查中国成年人对盐的自述口味偏好与客观测量的盐摄入量之间的关联.
- 为中国减少盐分的有针对性的公共卫生战略的制定提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在中国对1489名成年人 (18-69岁) 进行的横截面调查,采用多阶段随机抽样.
- 数据收集包括有关盐的知识,态度和行为 (KAB) 的问卷,以及物理/实验室测量.
- 24小时收集的尿液被分析为和分泌,以估计盐的摄入量.
主要成果:
- 与那些偏爱淡味 (164.69 mmol/24 h) 的人相比,那些自我报告的偏爱盐味的人 (21.3%) 在24小时内尿液中的分泌量 (177.06 mmol/24 h) 显著增加,而那些偏爱淡味的人 (164.69 mmol/24 h).
- 盐味偏好与更高的透析血压,更喜欢脂肪食物和酒精消费,以及较低的分泌和体力活动有关.
- 后勤回归证实了盐味偏好作为较高分泌的预测因素 (ORa=1.004,95% CI=1.002-1.006).
结论:
- 自我报告的盐味偏好是实际盐摄入量的可靠指标,通过24小时的尿水平来验证.
- 品味偏好可以作为一个有价值的代理来识别高盐摄入量的人.
- 这些发现支持在设计有针对性的营养和健康教育活动中使用口味偏好,以减少中国的盐消费.
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