探索生物基增塑剂对简化轮胎合物的固化行为和材料性能的影响
Frances van Elburg1, Fabian Grunert1, Claudia Aurisicchio2
1Elastomer Technology & Engineering, Department of Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces & Systems (MS3), Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands.
Polymers
|July 13, 2024
概括
可持续的轮胎生产可以通过替换以石油为基础的增塑剂以植物为基础的替代品,如向日油和卡达诺尔来推进. 然而,这些基于生物的选择显示了改变的固化特性和减少的化合物强化,限制了它们的直接使用.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
- 可持续工程 可持续工程
背景情况:
- 轮胎行业面临着采取可持续实践的压力,包括减少对化石燃料的依赖.
- 用生物基替代品取代石油衍生成分,如增塑剂,是绿色轮胎制造的关键策略.
- 处理过的蒸芳香提取物 (TDAE) 是轮胎跑道中常见的以石油为基础的增塑剂.
研究的目的:
- 评估三种植物性可塑剂 (日油,子油,卡达) 作为轮胎道化合物中TDAE的替代品的适用性.
- 研究这些生物基塑化剂与其他化合物成分和化系统的相互作用.
- 评估这些更换对轮胎流程的加工和性能特性的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用太阳花油,子油和卡达诺尔作为TDAE替代品,制定了简化的轮胎道化合物.
- 和碳化合物斯奎兰也被用作对照替代物来研究塑化剂-矩阵相互作用.
- 分析了固化特性 (固化速率,燃烧时间,最大扭矩),机械性能 (断裂时的延长),交联密度,玻璃过渡温度 (Tg) 和动态机械性能 (tan δ).
主要成果:
- 与TDAE相比,生物基塑化剂 (向日油,子油,卡达诺尔) 增加了治愈率,减少了烧灼时间,除了 squalane.
- 卡达诺和向日油显著降低了最大扭矩,并在断裂时增加了延伸,表明交叉连接密度较低.
- 模型研究证实,卡达诺和向日油中的不和与硫反应,消耗交联剂并降低扭矩.
- 所有测试的替代品都降低了轮胎道化合物的玻璃过渡温度 (Tg).
结论:
- 植物性增塑剂,如日油和卡达诺尔,显示出可持续轮胎配方的潜力,但改变了关键的化化学成分.
- 一些生物基塑化剂中存在的不和会干扰硫交联过程,对强化产生负面影响.
- 虽然降低了Tg,但这些生物基替代品并不是TDAE的直接替代品,因为它们的复杂相互作用和轮胎跑道化合物的强化能力降低了.
相关概念视频
Plasticizers
74
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
74
Superplasticizers
81
Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
81
Polymer Classification: Architecture
2.7K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.7K
Additives and Fillers in Concrete
93
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
The...
93
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
2.4K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.4K
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters
2.2K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K


