埃塞俄比亚偏远地区的女性生殖器切割:模式,驱动因素和决策
Elizabeth Presler-Marshall1, Kefyalew Endale2, Nicola Jones3
1Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence (GAGE), Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
概括
在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区,切割女性生殖器官 (FGM) 仍然几乎是普遍存在的,而无线切割是常态. 文化和社会因素,包括控制女性的性行为和结婚能力,驱使这种做法,尽管存在感知到的健康风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 切割女性生殖器官 (FGM) 是一种具有严重健康后果的有害传统做法.
- 了解FGM的具体驱动因素和模式对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区女性生殖器切割 (FGM) 的流行,做法和潜在原因.
- 确定影响FGM延续和实践变化的社会,文化和宗教因素.
主要方法:
- 混合方法研究将1022名青少年和护理人员的调查数据与大约270人的定性访谈相结合.
- 这项研究是在2022年在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区的三个地区的18个农村社区进行的.
主要成果:
- 在样本人群中,FGM在青少年女孩中几乎是普遍的 (97%),其中入是占主导地位的形式 (87%).
- 文化规范和感知到的社会利益,如控制女性的性行为和提高婚姻能力,是主要的驱动因素,往往超过报告的健康风险.
- 虽然引用了宗教,但文化更频繁地被认为是FGM的主要原因. 转向不那么侵袭性类型受到宗教领袖和父子参与决策的增加的影响.
结论:
- 消除女性生殖器切割需要在最具侵入性做法和进展有限的地区进行有针对性的干预.
- 解决复杂的家庭内部和代际动态需要全社区,持续和多方面的方法来改变社会规范.
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