超加工食品的消费和糖尿病的风险:基于人口的潜在队列的结果
Shutong Du1,2, Valerie K Sullivan1,2, Michael Fang1,2
1Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Diabetologia
|July 13, 2024
概括
更高的超加工食品消费,包括含糖饮料和加工肉类,与成年人患2型糖尿病的风险增加有关. 减少这些食物的摄入量可能有助于糖尿病预防策略.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 超加工食品 (UPF) 占现代饮食的很大一部分.
- 了解UPF消费与糖尿病等慢性疾病之间的关联对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 饮食模式显著影响患2型糖尿病的风险.
研究的目的:
- 调查超加工食品的消费与发生2型糖尿病的风险之间的关联.
- 检查导致糖尿病风险的特定超加工食品子组.
- 为了为糖尿病预防的饮食指南提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自社区动脉样硬化风险研究 (ARIC) 的13,172名没有糖尿病的成年人队列.
- 饮食摄入量使用半定量食物频率问卷进行评估,并根据Nova分类系统进行分类.
- 考克斯回归模型被用来评估UPF摄入量和发病糖尿病之间的关联,调整为混因素.
主要成果:
- 在21年的中位数随访期间,记录了4,539例发生糖尿病病例.
- 在UPF摄入量最高四分之一的参与者与最低四分之一相比,患糖尿病的风险高出13%.
- 每个每日额外的UPF份量都与糖尿病风险增加2%有关;特定的UPF如含糖饮料,加工肉类和零食显示出显著的关联.
结论:
- 更高的超加工食品摄入量与发生2型糖尿病的风险增加有关.
- 含糖饮料,人工甜味饮料,超加工肉类和含糖零食是导致这种风险增加的关键因素.
- 减少UPF和特定高风险食品组的消费可能是预防糖尿病的有效策略.
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