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在儿童中欺凌行为和受害的风险模式
Yangjin Park1, Kathrine Sullivan2
1School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, USA.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|July 13, 2024
概括
儿童欺凌出现了四种风险模式. 了解这些模式是减少欺凌行为和儿童受害的关键.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 欺凌行为和受害是美国儿童的重要问题.
- 欺凌的风险因素存在于多个领域:个人,家庭,学校,社区,经济和社会文化.
- 需要对风险模式有全面的了解,以告知干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 确定与美国小学儿童的欺凌行为和受害相关的不同风险暴露模式.
- 应用人类发展的生物生态模型和以人为中心的方法来分析风险模式.
- 探索在已识别的风险模式中欺凌的差异性率.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自全国儿童健康调查的数据 (n=7319).
- 使用隐藏类分析来揭示潜在的风险模式.
- 检查了六个领域的风险:个人,家庭,学校,社区,经济和社会文化.
主要成果:
- 确定了四种不同的风险模式:低风险 (72.4%),个人和环境风险 (15.3%),家庭风险 (8.3%) 和高风险 (4.0%).
- 高风险群体的欺凌行为 (59.1%) 和受害 (87.3%) 率最高.
- 低风险组的欺凌行为率 (24.6%) 和受害率 (57.2%) 最低.
结论:
- 在确定的风险模式中,欺凌行为和受害率存在显著差异.
- 了解具体的风险来源对于制定有效的减少儿童欺凌策略至关重要.
- 建议针对个体风险暴露模式进行量身定制的干预措施,以应对儿童欺凌.
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