解开精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍的负面和积极症状
Silvia Corbera1, Bruce E Wexler2, Morris D Bell2
1Central Connecticut State University, Department of Psychological Science, New Britain, CT, USA.
Schizophrenia research
|July 13, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和精神分裂症 (SZ) 有共同的症状. 区分这些疾病需要分析负面症状,这些症状影响生活质量和社会功能,有助于诊断和治疗.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神疾病 精神疾病
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和精神分裂症 (SZ) 呈现重叠的症状,特别是在社会缺陷和负面症状方面.
- 区分ASD和SZ可能具有挑战性,需要精细的诊断方法.
- 了解特定的负面症状尺寸可能提供关键的诊断和功能见解.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用因子分析,探索ASD和SZ中负面和积极症状的潜在维度.
- 调查这些症状尺寸在区分ASD与SZ的诊断实用性.
- 检查症状维度和功能结果之间的关系,包括生活质量和社会功能.
主要方法:
- 两个探索性因子分析 (EFA) 进行了从积极和消极综合征量表 (PANSS),积极症状和消极症状评估量表 (SAPS/SANS) 和自闭症诊断观察表-通用 (ADOS-G) 的数据.
- 用差别功能分析来评估诊断所识别的因素的预测能力.
- 分析了症状因素和功能结果之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 出现了三个负面症状因素:表达性负面,体验性负面,以及关注/吸收/情感平坦化.
- 出现了三个积极的症状因素:幻觉-妄想,宏伟性和思维障碍/ADOS积极的症状.
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 在幻觉-妄想中得分更高,而自闭症在思维障碍/ADOS阳性症状中得分更高. 在负面症状因素方面没有发现群体差异. 所有负面因素与生活质量相反相关;表现负面,经验负面和幻觉错觉对社会功能产生了负面影响. 分辨功能分析对84.4%的参与者进行了正确的分类,其中幻觉幻觉,表达性消极和经验性消极症状是关键预测因素.
结论:
- 表达性和体验性负面症状具有独立于SZ相关的积极症状的诊断价值,并且与有害的功能有关.
- 在ASD和SZ中针对特定的负面症状和明显的积极症状是有效治疗的关键.
- 使用多种评估工具对于准确的诊断分类至关重要.
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