来自甘吸管生物能源的碳节约:从生命周期的角度来看,包括土壤碳变化
Ricardo de Oliveira Bordonal1, Sarah Tenelli2, Dener Márcio da Silva Oliveira3
1Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory / Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (LNBR/CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro 10000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia, Campinas, SP 13083-100, Brazil.
The Science of the total environment
|July 13, 2024
概括
为了生物能源而去除甘吸管对土壤有机碳 (SOC) 和温室气体 (GHG) 排放产生影响. 在生命周期评估 (LCA) 中考虑SOC变化对于准确的生物能源温室气体平衡至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物能源生命周期评估 (LCA)
背景情况:
- 增加用于生物能源生产的甘吸管去除可能会耗尽土壤有机碳 (SOC) 并加剧温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
- 目前的生物能源生命周期评估 (LCA) 并没有一致地解决草管理对SOC的影响.
- 巴西的甘种植是生物能源供应链的重要贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 在不同的吸清除场景下分析甘农业的生命周期温室气体平衡.
- 模拟土壤有机碳 (SOC) 与各种草管理实践相关的潜在变化.
- 评估SOC动态对甘衍生生物能源的净温室气体效益的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用的土壤有机碳 (SOC) 建模与生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法相结合.
- 进行了长期模拟,以评估SOC变化在完全清除草,中度清除和草保留下.
- 量化生命周期温室气体排放强度用于吸草衍生生物能源,考虑到SOC库存变化.
主要成果:
- 完全去除草导致了显著的SOC损失 (高达0.5Mg ha-1yr-1).
- 适度的吸去除对SOC的影响最小,同时保留所有吸增加了SOC积累 (高达0.4Mg ha-1yr-1).
- 忽视LCA中的SOC变化,低估了草衍生生物能源的温室气体排放强度26% (3.9g CO2eq MJ−1).
结论:
- 考虑SOC变化对于准确评估甘吸管生物能源的温室气体效益至关重要.
- 完全清除草显著增加生命周期温室气体排放,减少生物能源的气候缓解潜力.
- 草衍生生物能源 (纤维素乙醇与生物电力) 的有效性取决于SOC的影响和被排斥的能源.
相关概念视频
The Carbon Cycle
37.2K
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
37.2K
C4 Pathway and CAM
45.4K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
45.4K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.5K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.5K
The Calvin Benson Cycle
4.5K
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
4.5K
Bioremediation
18.2K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
18.2K


