乳酸细菌的外聚糖类作为对细菌和病毒植物病原体的保护剂
Inna Garmasheva1, Tamara Tomila2, Maxim Kharkhota3
1Department of Physiology of Industrial Microorganisms, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Acad. Zabolotny str., 154, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine.
International journal of biological macromolecules
|July 14, 2024
概括
乳酸细菌外聚糖 (EPS) 显示出重要的植物保护潜力. 这些EPS对各种植物病原体表现出抗菌,抗菌膜和抗病毒活性,为可持续农业提供了一种新的战略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 由细菌和病毒病原体引起的植物疾病对农业生产率构成重大威胁.
- 乳酸细菌 (LAB) 已知可以产生具有多种生物活动的外聚糖 (EPS).
- 在植物保护方面,LAB EPS的潜力在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 从乳酸细菌中选出外聚糖,以检测它们对植物病原体的有效性.
- 为了描述这些外聚糖的化学特性.
- 在体外评估它们的抗菌,抗菌膜和抗病毒活性.
主要方法:
- 来自LAB的25种外聚糖的查对植物病原菌进行了查.
- 使用凝透色谱测定分子质量.
- 使用气体染色学-质谱学 (GC-MS) 和里埃变换红外光谱学 (FT-IR) 进行化学成分分析.
- 评估基清除能力的评估.
- 在体外评估抗菌,抗菌膜和抗病毒 (烟草马赛克病毒) 活动.
主要成果:
- 外聚糖 (EPS) 主要由葡萄糖 (85.85-97.98%) 组成,其分子质量为3.8-5.0 × 104 Da.
- EPS表现出显著的基清除能力 (20-50%在5.0 mg/mL).
- 实验室试验显示,各种植物病原菌 (例如,Pseudomonas,Pectobacterium,Clavibacter,Xantomonas) 的生长抑制在1mg/mL时达到24-100%.
- 实验室EPS对P.carotovorum,P.syringae和P.fluorescent (16-59%的减少) 呈现抗菌膜活性.
- 观察到针对烟草马赛克病毒 (TMV) 的抗病毒活性,在100μg/mL的剂量下降了61-92%的感染力.
- 一些菌株通过EPS显示生长刺激和生物膜形成增强.
结论:
- 乳酸细菌外聚糖具有显著的体外抗菌,抗菌膜和抗病毒性能,对关键的植物病原体.
- 这些发现突显了LAB EPS作为综合植物病管理的新和可持续战略的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索LAB EPS在农业环境中的应用.
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