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相关概念视频

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

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Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
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Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

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Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
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Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

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Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
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甲状腺激素与功能下降之间的相互关系,一篇综述文章.

Sadaf Agahi1, Atieh Amouzegar1, Mohammadjavad Honarvar1

  • 1Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, I. R. of Iran.

Thyroid research
|July 14, 2024
PubMed
概括

甲状腺激素影响慢性病 (CKD) 的风险. 较高的TSH和较低的T3水平与CKD有关,而亚临床和明显的甲状腺功能低下会增加发病率. 甲状腺功能障碍也可能构成风险.

关键词:
慢性脏疾病 慢性脏疾病自由的甲状腺素是什么自由的三甲氨基氨酸.淋巴细胞的过率是什么甲状腺激素 甲状腺激素甲状腺刺激激素激素刺激的激素

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
  • 内部医学 内部医学

背景情况:

  • 甲状腺功能障碍和慢性病 (CKD) 是普遍存在的疾病.
  • 了解它们之间的关系对于患者管理至关重要.
  • 现有证据将甲状腺激素与脏疾病联系起来,但正常范围内的关联仍在争论中.

研究的目的:

  • 综合审查甲状腺激素,甲状腺功能障碍和CKD之间的相互作用.
  • 澄清甲状腺激素水平与CKD发病率之间的关联.
  • 综合有关该主题的当前证据.

主要方法:

  • 在Google Scholar,PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science上进行了系统的文献搜索.
  • 关键词包括相关的医学主题标题 (MeSH) 和与甲状腺激素和CKD相关的术语.
  • 数据收集和分析到2023年12月.

主要成果:

  • 较高的血清TSH和较低的血清自由T3水平始终与CKD发展有关.
  • 自由T4水平与CKD之间的关联不太清楚,更有争议.
  • 亚临床和明显的甲状腺功能低下症显示出与发生的CKD有相当大的关联.

结论:

  • 甲状腺激素水平,特别是TSH和T3,在CKD病变发生过程中发挥作用.
  • 甲状腺功能低下症 (亚临床和明显) 与患CKD的风险增加有关.
  • 甲状腺功能障碍和哈希莫托甲状腺炎也可能导致CKD风险.