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中年和老年人中热应激脆弱性的性别差异 (PSU HEAT项目)
Olivia K Leach1, Rachel M Cottle1, Kat G Fisher1,2
1Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States.
概括
老年女性比老年男性更容易受到极端高温的影响. 这项研究发现,在耐热性方面,两性之间存在显著的差异,女性在炎热干燥和温暖潮湿的条件下都经历了较低的临界环境限制.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 热调节 热调节 热调节
背景情况:
- 65岁以上的人在极端高温期间最容易受到伤害.
- 老年女性面临的风险比同龄男性更大,但原因尚不清楚.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于老年人性别特异性热敏感性的明确性.
研究的目的:
- 调查中年和老年人中热易受性的性别差异.
- 为了确定老年女性是否比老年男性具有较低的临界环境限制.
- 分析性对热应激期间温度调节的影响.
主要方法:
- 72名参与者 (29M,43F,年龄在40-92岁) 经历了逐渐的热应激.
- 实验是在热干 (HD) 和热湿 (WH) 环境中进行的.
- 多重线性回归分析确定了影响关键环境极限的因素,包括性别,年龄和代谢率.
主要成果:
- 在HD和WH条件下,性别是关键环境极限的重要预测因素,解释了12-15%的差异.
- 年龄较大的女性表现出向左移动的热补偿曲线,表明耐热性较低.
- 这些发现证实了老年人热感脆弱性的真实性别差异.
结论:
- 老年女性比同龄的老年男性更容易受到热应激.
- 温度调节的性别特异性有助于增加老年女性的热敏感性.
- 结果支持流行病学数据,即热浪期间女性死亡率较高.
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