参与阿尔茨海默病分子病理学的非编码RNA:系统性审查
Reynand Jay Canoy1,2, Jenica Clarisse Sy1,3, Christian Deo Deguit4,5
1SciLore LLC, Kingsbury, TX, United States.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|July 15, 2024
概括
非编码RNAs (ncRNAs) 是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理学的关键. 本综述探讨了microRNAs,长非编码RNAs,循环RNAs和piwi相互作用RNAs作为潜在的生物标志物和AD的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病,是全球痴呆的主要原因.
- 非编码RNAs (ncRNAs),包括microRNAs (miRNAs),长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs),圆形RNAs (circRNAs) 和piwi相互作用RNAs (piRNAs),越来越多地被认为是它们在AD病变发生中的作用.
- 这些ncRNAs调节涉及AD的关键细胞过程,如细胞亡,神经炎症和蛋白质聚合.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和巩固目前关于四种主要类型ncRNA在阿尔茨海默病中的不同作用的知识.
- 突出ncRNAs作为诊断生物标记物和AD治疗点的潜力.
- 为未来的研究和基于ncRNA的精准医学方法提供基础.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献搜索和对研究研究阿尔茨海默病中ncRNA的研究的分析.
- 包括涵盖miRNAs,lncRNAs,circRNAs和piRNAs的研究.
- 综合有关ncRNA参与AD分子机制和途径的发现.
主要成果:
- ncRNAs对AD的基础分子机制做出了重大贡献.
- 微RNAs (miRNAs) 已被证明可以调节关键的AD相关途径,包括AGE-RAGE信号传递.
- ncRNAs显示出作为早期诊断生物标志物和阿尔茨海默病新型治疗点的潜力.
结论:
- ncRNAs在阿尔茨海默病的发病和进展中发挥着关键作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证ncRNAs在AD诊断和治疗中的临床实用性.
- 基于ncRNA的策略为开发针对阿尔茨海默病的精准医学方法提供了有希望的途径.
相关概念视频
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.7K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.7K
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
461
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
461
02:23RNA Editing
9.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.0K
01:20Types of RNA
5.7K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.7K
02:27Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
10.6K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K