在高度治疗经验丰富的艾滋病毒感染患者中,眼部卷入
Mihaela Cobaschi1,2, Carmen Mihaela Dorobăț3, Victor Daniel Dorobăț1
1"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Romanian journal of ophthalmology
|July 15, 2024
概括
人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 患者的眼部并发症尽管抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 仍然存在. 细胞巨病毒 (CMV) 视网膜炎仍然是一个令人担忧的问题,影响视力,强调需要持续监测和多学科护理.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染患者的眼部并发症是一个重大问题,即使抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 取得了进展.
- 艾滋病毒患者的预期寿命增加改变了眼部疾病的范围,需要对综合护理有更深入的了解.
- 接受多种ART治疗的HIV患者面临由于复杂的治疗方案,药物毒性,免疫复合和机会性感染导致的眼部疾病风险.
研究的目的:
- 调查治疗经验丰富的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者眼部并发症的患病率和特征.
- 评估ART对艾滋病毒相关眼部疾病的影响.
- 评估艾滋病毒患者针对特定眼部疾病的治疗干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 从2013年1月1日到2023年12月31日,对62名艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者进行了回顾性临床研究.
- 收集的数据包括人口统计,艾滋病毒病史,CD4+T细胞计数,病毒载量,抗逆转录病毒治疗细节和眼科检查结果.
- 诊断方法包括酶相关的免疫吸收试验 (ELISA),西斑 (WB) 和机会性感染的评估.
主要成果:
- 细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 视网膜炎是普遍存在的 (35.5%),其中62.1%的视力敏度下降,尽管ART.
- 其他确诊的眼部疾病包括硬质结膜炎 (19.3%) 和艾滋病毒视网膜病变 (29%).
- 最初的低CD4计数 (<200细胞/毫米3) 显著改善,但CMV视网膜炎持续存在,突出显示持续的风险.
结论:
- 在艾滋病毒经验丰富的患者中,治疗眼部并发症需要采用多学科的方法,定期进行眼科评估.
- 及时治疗感染和持续监测ART有效性对于保持视力至关重要.
- 早期检测和干预对于改善结果至关重要,即使在实现病毒抑制之后.
相关概念视频
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
427
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
427
Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.8K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.8K
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
470
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
470
Glaucoma: Overview
538
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
538
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
231
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
231
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K


