关于针对季节性流感疫情而关闭特定班级学校的决定和影响因素
Yukiko Masumoto1, Hiromi Kawasaki2, Miwako Tsunematsu3
1School and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN.
Cureus
|July 15, 2024
概括
在日本,关闭特定班级的学校是为了控制季节性流感等传染病. 建立明确的标准,优先考虑医生的意见,并考虑教育影响是初级学校有效决策的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 教育管理教育管理
背景情况:
- 关闭特定班级的学校是日本小学针对传染病爆发,特别是季节性流感的反应措施.
- 对这些有针对性的关闭的形成和决策过程的现有研究是有限的.
- 这项研究调查了影响日本小学课堂关闭的决定,时间和持续时间的因素.
研究的目的:
- 对日本的小学进行调查,以了解他们对因传染病而关闭特定班级学校的标准和考虑.
- 分析影响决策过程的因素,包括时间,持续时间和咨询意见.
- 为有效的类关闭政策确定挑战和最佳实践.
主要方法:
- 一份以邮件为基础的问卷调查被分发给日本西部四个县的小学.
- 该调查于2021年8月至9月进行,收集了关闭标准,时间,持续时间和决策考虑的数据.
- 使用描述性统计方法分析了来自714所参与学校的收集回复.
主要成果:
- 超过一半 (55.7%) 的受访学校已经制定了课堂关闭的标准,通常由20-30%的学生缺勤引起.
- 最常见的关闭时间为三天,许多学校根据疫情情况进行调整.
- 学校医生的意见是高度优先考虑的,其次是学校活动,周末调整和学校护士 (Yogo老师) 的意见. 缺乏明确的标准或周末调整使持续时间的决定复杂化.
结论:
- 清晰,基于证据的标准和优先考虑学校医生和学校护士 (Yogo教师) 的见解对于有效的课堂关闭决策至关重要.
- 为了平衡疾病控制与教育连续性,需要对时间和持续时间采取系统的方法.
- 进一步的研究和标准化的指导方针可以提高针对特定班级的学校关闭在管理季节性流感方面的有效性.
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