COVLIAS 3.0:基于云的量子化混合UNet3+深度学习,用于肺部计算机断层扫描中的COVID-19病变检测
Sushant Agarwal1,2, Sanjay Saxena3, Alessandro Carriero4
1Advanced Knowledge Engineering Center, GBTI, Roseville, CA, United States.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|July 15, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了混合深度学习 (HDL) 模型,用于在CT扫描中改进COVID-19检测,优于传统方法. 这些模型提高了病变检测的准确性,并通过定量化提供了显著的尺寸缩小.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描对于在RT-PCR不足时诊断COVID-19至关重要,特别是用于识别肺部不透明度.
- 在CT扫描中手动检测病变对放射科医生来说是一项挑战.
- 以前的单独深度学习 (SDL) 模型在COVID-19检测中表现有限.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估新的基于云的量子化混合深度学习 (HDL) 模型,以在CT扫描中增强COVID-19病变检测.
- 为了提高单独深度学习 (UNet3+) 模型的性能.
主要方法:
- 训练了一个SDL (UNet3+) 和两个HDL模型 (VGG-UNet3+,ResNet-UNet3+),使用专家放射科医生在3,500张CT扫描上的注释.
- 采用5倍的交叉验证,并在云框架内对500个未见的CT扫描进行了测试.
- 利用子相似性 (DS) 和二进制交叉 (BCE) 损失函数进行训练,并使用各种指标评估性能.
主要成果:
- ResNet-UNet3+ HDL 模型表现出卓越的性能,在 Dice 损失方面超过 UNet3+ 17%,在 BCE 损失方面超过 10%.
- 量化显著减少了模型大小:UNet3+减少了66.76%,VGG-UNet3+减少了36.64%,ResNet-UNet3+减少了46.23%.
- 统计测试证实了模型的稳定性和可靠性 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 混合深度学习模型结合了与VGG和ResNet架构的全规模跳过连接,显著提高了CT扫描中的COVID-19检测准确性.
- 开发的HDL模型为放射科医生在诊断COVID-19时提供了更有效和高效的解决方案.
- 量子化HDL模型提供了性能平衡和减少计算足迹.
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