在田间条件下剖析热应激对 durum wheat 的影响
Eder Licieri Groli1, Elisabetta Frascaroli1, Marco Maccaferri1
1Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, DISTAL, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Frontiers in plant science
|July 15, 2024
概括
热应激显著降低小麦产量和质量. 研究人员确定了沙漠杜鲁姆和CIMMYT.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 压力生理学 压力生理学
背景情况:
- 热应激对全球小麦产量构成重大威胁,影响作物生长,光合作用和谷物产量.
- 了解热应激和小麦特征之间的复杂相互作用对于开发弹性品种至关重要.
- 识别具有增强耐热性的遗传资源对于可持续农业至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了剖析热应激对主要 durum wheat 产量组件的多方面的影响.
- 确定热能耐受性的有希望的遗传来源,用于前繁殖计划.
- 在热应激下分析植物特征和环境因素之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在现场热应激 (HS) 和非应激 (NS) 条件下评估了183种 durum小麦品种和育种线.
- 评估的现象特征,谷物产量 (GY) 和其组成部分.
- 采用结构方程建模 (SEM) 和遗传SEM (GSEM) 来分析特征关系和遗传影响.
主要成果:
- 热应激显著降低了正常化差异植被指数 (NDVI),每的核重量 (KWS),谷物填充期 (GFP) 和GY.
- 分析周围的温度与GY负相关,千核重量 (TKW) 和试验重量 (TWT).
- GSEM揭示了HS对GY,NDVI,KWS和标题日期 (HD) 的直接遗传影响.
结论:
- 沙漠Durums和CIMMYT'80的胚胎体在热应激下表现出高度的适应性和产量潜力.
- 这些生殖细胞系是培育耐热硬小麦品种的宝贵基因来源.
- 有针对性的预育种计划可以利用这些遗传资源来提高小麦对高温的耐受性.
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