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评估土地使用/土地覆盖变化的长期影响,以收集区规模的污染负荷
Kokeb Zena1, Tamene Adugna Demissie2, Fekadu Fufa Feyessa2
1Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
概括
土地利用变化在埃塞俄比亚中部的一个流域显著增加了非点源污染负载. 森林砍伐和农业扩张导致地表水中的酸盐和含量增加.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学 水文学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 评估土地使用/土地覆盖 (LULC) 对污染物负载的影响是复杂的,因为复杂的流域动态.
- 整合水文建模,地理空间工具和多变量统计数据可以简化将LULC变化与非点源 (NPS) 污染联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 调查LULC变化对NPS污染负载的长期影响.
- 从1981年到2020年,分析这些影响在埃塞俄比亚中部一个受人类影响严重的水域.
主要方法:
- 利用水文建模来估计来自Landsat多光谱图像的NPS污染参数.
- 采用多变量统计技术来识别影响NPS负载的关键LULC类型.
主要成果:
- 观察到人类引起的LULC变化:建筑面积增加了186.4%,农田增加了5.8%,而灌木和森林土地分别减少了67.1%和41%.
- 有记录的污染物负载增加:酸盐 (NO3) 增加了69.41%,总 (P) 增加了19.83%,总 (N) 增加了18.45%,有机N增加了18.88%,有机P增加了24.05%.
结论:
- 自然植被的减少和农业的强化是NPS污染物流入地表水的主要驱动因素.
- 营养污染与森林砍伐和农业用地扩张密切相关,需要适应性管理策略.
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