精神病和寻求帮助的行为 - 一个系统的文献综述
Laura Skrobinska1, Katherine Newman-Taylor1,2, Katherine Carnelley1
1Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Psychology and psychotherapy
|July 15, 2024
概括
许多患有精神病的人因耻辱和缺乏支持而延迟寻求治疗,影响结果. 本次审查强调了障碍,并建议针对性参与,以改善精神病治疗.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和心理健康 精神病学和心理健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在精神病中寻求治疗的延迟与不良的医疗保健结果和复发有关.
- 了解寻求帮助的障碍对于及时干预至关重要.
- 这是第一个综合帮助寻求帮助的心理学文献的系统综述.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关精神病患者专业和非专业寻求帮助行为的文献.
- 确定影响寻求帮助的因素和精神病患者遇到的障碍.
- 探索文化差异在优先的帮助来源.
主要方法:
- 在四个主要数据库 (APA PsycINFO,APA PsycArticles,Medline,英国图书馆 EThOS) 进行了全面的搜索.
- 系统地审查了定量文献.
- 由于措施的异质性,不能进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 综述中包括了19篇涉及9686名参与者的文章.
- 寻求帮助与女性,高等教育和经历多种症状有关.
- 确定的关键障碍包括耻辱,心理健康素养不佳,缺乏家庭支持,童年虐待,不安全的依恋和精神病严重程度.
- 观察到偏好帮助来源的文化差异.
- 关于可靠的寻求帮助措施,没有共识.
结论:
- 本系统性审查提供了关于在精神病中寻求帮助的全面概述.
- 对于有早期逆境史,心理健康素养不佳,社会支持有限,精神病严重的个体,建议进行自信和文化敏感的外展.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发和验证可靠的寻求帮助措施.
相关概念视频
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
82
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
82
01:27Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
564
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
564
01:28Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview
229
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
229
01:29Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
215
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
215
01:30Psychosurgery
52
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
52
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
119
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
119