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与代码和意义相关的新兴识字技能和自闭症和非自闭症儿童的联合注意力
Ieva Misiunaite1, Denise Davidson2, Brooke Sawyer1
1Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|July 15, 2024
概括
自闭症儿童表现出类似的与代码相关的新兴识字技能,但与非自闭症同龄人相比,与意义相关的技能较低. 联合注意力和词汇预测了叙事技巧,建议针对自闭症儿童进行有针对性的干预.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 幼儿教育 儿童早期教育
背景情况:
- 新兴的识字技能对于学业成功至关重要.
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 可能会影响这些技能的发展.
- 了解自闭症和非自闭症儿童之间新兴识字能力的具体差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自闭症和非自闭症儿童的代码和含义相关的新兴识字能力.
- 调查联合注意力技能与早期识字能力之间的关联.
- 在两个群体中确定新兴识字能力的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 17名自闭症儿童和20名非自闭症儿童 (48-72个月) 参与了这项研究.
- 父母完成了一项共同的注意力测量.
- 孩子们完成了与代码相关的 (字母知识,语音意识,打印概念,名字写作) 和与意义相关的 (口头叙事质量) 新兴识字能力的评估.
主要成果:
- 自闭症和非自闭症儿童在与代码相关的技能 (字母知识,语音意识) 上没有差异.
- 自闭症儿童在印刷概念,名字写作和含义相关的口头叙事技能方面得分较低.
- 全面智商预测了印刷概念的知识;感知词汇预测了与意义相关的技能和叙事质量;联合注意力预测了自闭症儿童的叙事质量.
结论:
- 自闭症儿童在印刷概念和口头叙事技巧方面可能面临特定的挑战.
- 接受性词汇和共同注意力是支持自闭症儿童新兴识字的重要目标.
- 推一种基于力量的方法来促进自闭症儿童的新兴识字能力.
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