成年人的身体功能源于幼儿时代的大脑功能:长达五十年的队列研究
J Kathy Xie1, Avshalom Caspi1,2, HonaLee Harrington1
1Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
概括
儿童早期的大脑功能预测了成年人的身体功能. 这表明体检可能反映了终身的大脑和身体的健康状况,而不仅仅是最近的衰退.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 身体功能测试传统上评估肌肉骨健康和与年龄相关的衰退.
- 新出现的证据表明,这些测试也可能反映神经功能.
- 早期大脑发育和以后的身体功能之间的联系仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童早期大脑功能是否预测中年身体功能.
- 测试成年人的身体功能从幼儿时期就与大脑功能有关联的假设.
- 为了增加证据,身体功能测试测量大脑健康.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自尼丁研究的数据,这是一个五十年的纵向出生队列 (n=1,037).
- 使用神经,认知,运动和气质评估的复合物测量了3岁的早期儿童大脑功能.
- 在45岁时评估中年身体功能,使用走路速度,平衡,力量和运动测试的组合.
主要成果:
- 较差的3岁大脑功能与较差的45岁身体功能显著相关 (β:0.23,p < .001),即使在控制社会经济地位后也是如此.
- 早期的大脑功能缺陷预测了慢慢的步行速度,减少椅子站立,更差的平衡,以及成年后较弱的握力.
- 这些发现表明,早期大脑发育与终身身体能力之间存在强有力的联系.
结论:
- 成年人的身体功能与幼儿时期建立的脑功能有关.
- 身体功能测试可以作为整个生命周期内整合的大脑和身体健康的指标.
- 重新构思身体功能测试可以支持对健康评估和护理的更全面的方法.
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