被麻醉的老鼠吸入气溶芬太尼引起的心肺衰竭
Jianguo Zhuang1, Shan Shi1, Fadi Xu1
1Department of Physiology, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, United States.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
|July 15, 2024
概括
急性吸入芬太尼喷雾剂可能会导致老鼠的呼吸衰竭和死亡. 高度导致立即呼吸停止和最终心肺呼吸停止,类似于静脉注射过量效应.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 呼吸系统生理学 呼吸系统生理学
背景情况:
- 静脉注射芬太尼过量是合成阿片类药物相关死亡的主要原因,主要是由于严重的呼吸抑制和呼吸暂停.
- 与静脉注射相比,吸入过量芬太尼的呼吸系统影响,特别是气溶形式,仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 调查喷雾化芬太尼过量剂的急性吸入是否可以在老鼠模型中诱导呼吸衰竭和死亡.
- 描述芬太尼空气溶吸入背后的心肺呼吸反应和生理机制.
主要方法:
- 麻醉后的小鼠和气管管被暴露在高度 (100毫克/立方米) 和低度 (30毫克/立方米) 的喷雾芬太尼中,持续10分钟.
- 分钟通风,肋间和甲状腺肌肉电肌图 (EMG),心率和动脉血压持续监测.
- 在芬太尼暴露期间和之后分析了心肺呼吸系统参数.
主要成果:
- 两种芬太尼度都诱导了即时的喘和延长的呼吸时间 (呼吸暂停),其特征是停止外部肋间肌肉EMG,增强甲状腺和内部肋间肌肉活动.
- 高度芬太尼暴露导致呼吸时间逐渐减少,随后呼吸和心脏骤停.
- 虽然低度暴露的影响在30分钟内可逆,但高度暴露导致心肺呼吸系统衰退和死亡.
结论:
- 高剂量芬太尼喷雾剂的急性吸入可以通过呼吸和心脏骤停在老鼠中导致死亡.
- 该机制涉及初始的中央和上呼吸道阻塞性呼吸暂停,胸壁刚性,随后是严重的低通风,心肌梗塞和低血压.
- 吸入芬太尼过量服用存在致命呼吸抑制的显著风险,反映了静脉注射的危险.
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