芬兰和波罗的海国家的酒精控制政策和与酒精有关的疾病负担:一项长度研究 1995-2019年
Anastasia Månsson1, Lode van der Velde1, Thomas Karlsson2
1Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Drug and alcohol review
|July 15, 2024
概括
更严格的酒精政策与芬兰和波罗的海国家减少了与酒精有关的伤害有关. 这项研究使用了弥合差距修改 (BtG-M) 规模来追踪政策变化及其对疾病负担的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
背景情况:
- 酒精消费是芬兰和波罗的海国家死亡和疾病的主要原因之一,尤其是男性.
- 了解国家酒精政策对公共卫生结果的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估芬兰和波罗的海国家1995-2019年的酒精政策限制性,使用弥合差距修改 (BtG-M) 尺度.
- 检查酒精政策限制性与酒精相关疾病负担之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用国家法律计算BtG-M政策得分 (较高的得分表明更严格的政策).
- 通过使用全球疾病负担研究 (GBD) 数据,分析了年龄标准化的残疾调整寿命年 (DALY),丧失寿命年,残疾寿命年和每10万人的死亡率.
- 应用斯皮尔曼相关性和面板数据回归来评估政策疾病负担关联.
主要成果:
- 芬兰始终表现出高的BtG-M分数,而波罗的海国家则从较低的基线提高了分数.
- 在酒精政策变化和与酒精有关的疾病负担之间观察到一个反向关系.
- BtG-M得分显示了与受伤相关的DALYs最强的关联;过早的男性死亡率代表了最大的疾病负担.
结论:
- 尽管存在数据挑战,但酒精政策与研究地区的危害之间存在重要联系.
- 这项研究开创了使用BtG-M尺度来监测政策演变及其与酒精相关危害的相关性,并通过GBD方法论进行监测.
- 国家酒精政策显然影响了与酒精有关的健康问题的程度.
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